Key Nutrients for Rheumatoid Arthritis
In this publication, we will explore key nutrients for rheumatoid arthritis and their role in reducing inflammation and promoting overall well-being.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by joint inflammation, pain, and progressive cartilage and bone damage.
While medical treatment is essential, growing evidence suggests that proper nutrition can support joint health and help manage symptoms.
Relationship Between Key Nutrients and Rheumatoid Arthritis
The relationship between diet and inflammation is well established. Certain nutrients have been shown to influence immune function, oxidative stress, and inflammatory pathways, which are critical in rheumatoid arthritis.
Ensuring an adequate intake of these key nutrients for rheumatoid arthritis may contribute to better disease management and improved quality of life.
Key Nutrients for Rheumatoid Arthritis
Omega-3 Fatty Acids
Regular consumption of Omega 3, especially eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) may help reduce morning stiffness, joint pain and the number of tender joints in people with RA.
It is recommended to consume food sources of omega-3 fatty acids such as: fish and seafood (especially cold-water fatty fish, such as salmon, mackerel, tuna, herring, and sardines), nuts and seeds (such as flaxseeds, chia seeds, and black walnuts), and fortified foods (such as certain brands of eggs, yogurt, juices, milk).
However, if you do not consume these foods regularly, you may consider Omega 3 (EPA + DHA) supplementation, at a dose of 2000 mg per day. However, to start supplementation you should consult a professional.
Vitamin D
Vitamin D plays a crucial role in the regulation of the immune system and bone health. Deficiency is common in RA patients and has been linked to increased disease activity.
Research indicates that supplementation with at least 2000 IU per day in the form of vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) may help reduce inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and support overall joint function.
Vitamin B12, C, and K
Vitamin B12 is essential for energy and neurological function. Its deficiency can aggravate fatigue in RA patients.
On the other hand, vitamin C, with its antioxidant properties, supports collagen synthesis and may reduce joint inflammation.
In addition, vitamin K is crucial for bone health and may help prevent joint calcification and osteoporosis.
Although specific dosages for rheumatoid arthritis are not well defined, maintaining adequate levels of these nutrients through a balanced diet may promote overall wellness and reduce oxidative stress.
Probiotics and Gut Health
New research suggests that the gut microbiota plays a role in immune modulation and inflammation. Moderate consumption of probiotics, found in fermented foods such as yogurt and kefir, may help balance gut bacteria and improve inflammatory markers in RA.
If you need more information about their benefits and recommended daily amount, you can review this publication.
Should You Take Supplements for Rheumatoid Arthritis?
In my experience as a nutritionist, although it is ideal to get these key nutrients for rheumatoid arthritis through diet, most people do not consume enough Omega 3 and vitamin D, so you might consider supplementation.
On the other hand, vitamin B12, C and K needs are usually met with a balanced diet, so supplementation is usually not necessary. Finally, you can include natural probiotics 3-4 times a week in their diet.
Remember that some people may benefit from supplements, especially if dietary intake is insufficient. It is essential to consult a professional before starting any supplement regimen to ensure safety and efficacy along with standard RA treatments.
Written by: Nutritionist Andrés Izurieta
Bibliographic citations:
Gioia C, Lucchino B, Tarsitano MG, Iannuccelli C, Di Franco M. Dietary Habits and Nutrition in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Can Diet Influence Disease Development and Clinical Manifestations? Nutrients. 2020.
Philippou E, Petersson SD, Rodomar C, Nikiphorou E. Rheumatoid arthritis and dietary interventions: systematic review of clinical trials. Nutr Rev. 2021.
Tański W, Świątoniowska-Lonc N, Tabin M, Jankowska-Polańska B. The Relationship between Fatty Acids and the Development, Course and Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Nutrients. 2022.
Hijjawi N, Tout FS, Azaizeh B, Aljaafreh B. The role of vitamins D, B12, C, and K in modulating inflammation and disease management in rheumatoid arthritis: a comprehensive review. Clin Rheumatol. 2025.
